Showing posts with label BLM. Show all posts
Showing posts with label BLM. Show all posts

2/22/11

Obama Agency Responds to California Congressman’s Accusation

Here we go again. The BLM says they don't sell our wild horses for slaughter, no matter WHAT some Congressman says. See, it says so right on the BLM's official pages that they do not sell our wild horses for slaughter so that must be the truth, right?

I don't know about you, but I have HAD IT with this corruption riddled government agency not only illegally rounding our wild horses up and making many of these majestic creatures disappear without a trace - without a trace of accountability on their part.

Even though photojournalist Laura Leigh has a Court Order the BLM still will not give her reasonable access to document what happens during their roundups. With the truly chilling cruelty she HAS been able to document, no wonder they won't let her get closer than 1.5 miles.

Enough is just enough! Please! If you are reading this, PLEASE re-post, re-tweet or whatever it takes to spread the word. Send this to your people in Congress. Send everything you can find. Do NOT let them ignore you any more!

I will have even more for you ASAP. Please get involved! This is OUR tax dollars - millions of them - at work. And, time is running out for OUR wild horses!

Thank you! http://grassrootshorse.com
Amplify’d from horsebackmagazine.com

Obama Agency Responds to California Congressman’s Accusation


February 22, 2011

Photo by Laura Leigh
HOUSTON, (Horseback) – The chief Washington spokesman for the federal Bureau of Land management gave an answer to allegations by a California Republican congressman that wild horse were routinely going to slaughter to relieve bulging holding pens.
In a letter to a constituent, Rep. Elton Gallegly (R) of California implicated the bureau in the slaughter of North American Mustangs in the aftermath of their ongoing “gathers” which wild horse advocates claim will spell the end of the species.
In the letter dated February 10, Gallegly wrote, “I believe that the commercial sale and slaughter of free-roaming horses is a horrible and unnecessary practice. However, the BLM claims this slaughter is necessary due to overpopulation in holding pens and the rising cost of care for the animals.”
“The BLM’s position — that we do not sell or send any wild horses or burros to slaughter — is stated clearly on our Quicks Facts page(http://www.blm.gov/wo/st/en/prog/wild_horse_and_burro/wh_b_information_center/Fact_Sheet.html) and on our Myths and Facts page http://www.blm.gov/wo/st/en/prog/wild_horse_and_burro/national/about/myths.html).” 
Tom Gorey said, both pages can be accessed from our national Website (www.blm.gov).
The highly placed BLM official also challenged rumors spread by wild horse and burro supporters that horses are being transported from the secretive holding pens where tens of thousands are warehoused in the dead of night. The pens, on private property, are funded by virtully the entire budget of the BLM’s Wild HOrse and Burro Program.
“If anyone has any evidence whatsoever that trailer loads of wild horses are leaving holding facilities in the middle of night, we urge that this evidence be immediately turned over to law enforcement so the matter can be fully investigated.”
Wild horse advocates have long urged observers to turn over documentary evidence including film and pictures to federal law enforcement; however, they have also stated the documents should not be turned over to BLM security.
 The story broke Sunday night, however, Gorey did not respond to Horseback’s request for comment until Tuesday due to the President’s Day holiday.
Read more at horsebackmagazine.com
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1/14/11

The Place To Be To Help Wild Horses – Public Welcome

If you can help, PLEASE contact us at the email address below! This is very important to our horses and indeed, the entire western ranges.

Amplify’d from blog.grassrootshorse.com

GrassRootsHorse.com

Wednesday, January 12, 2011

The Place To Be To Help Wild Horses – Public Welcome

The "Resource Advisory Councils" are the place to be if you want to know the decisions being made for public lands, wild horses, ranching, mining, energy, recreation etc.


This is the meeting where the agenda for 2011 is set for the year. We need people on these committees and this is a good place to introduce yourself and familiarize yourself with the process that we need to be involved in.

The big meeting for all three regions and Recreation subcommittee is called the Tri Rac Meeting.
It will be held on January 20 and 21, 2011 at John Ascuaga Nugget Hotel Casino, Sparks, NV
It begins Jan 20, Thurs 8 am when the agenda for the year will be set. The 3 RAC's will meet seperately on Jan 21 at 7:30 am

The agenda and contact info is posted online at blm website - google TRI RAC 2011
If anyone can commit to videoing for Grass Roots Horse live stream or attending the meeting to report for us,
please contact me Mo@grassrootshorse.com Subject line: TRI RAC

We want to have all meetings and full days covered and this is a priority. 

Posted by
GrassRootsHorse.com at 5:50 PM

Read more at blog.grassrootshorse.com

1/12/11

Wild Horses Routinely Treated with Chemicals Prohibited For Humans

I've been yelling about this for so long I'm almost too hoarse to yell any longer. Finally, the BLM, in the person of BLM chief Washington spokesman, Tom Gorey, officially
Amplify’d from horsebackmagazine.com

Wild Horses Routinely Treated with Chemicals Prohibited For Humans

January 11, 2011

By Steven Long
HOUSTON, (Horseback) – BLM horses are treated with drugs prohibited by the FDA for humans. Last week about 200 proponents of making horse processing legal again in the United States met in a sparsely attended conference in Las Vegas. It was billed at the Summit of the Horse.
The conference opened concurrent with President Obama signing a new law that gives the federal Food and Drug Administration authority over all U.S. food.
Domestic horses are routinely given chemicals dangerous to humans such as phenylbutazone (bute) and chemical wormers as well as a host of other dangerous substances. Some at the conference asserted wild horses could bypass stringent rules against human consumption because they had not been handled by humans or treated with veterinary medicines in the wild.
Not so, says BLM chief Washington Spokesman Tom Gorey.
“All wild horses and burros are routinely de-wormed in BLM short-term holding facilities while being prepared for adoption or transfer to long-term pastures,” Gorey told Horseback Magazine Monday.
“Horses do not routinely receive phenylbutazone (bute) or other anti-inflammatory medications, but may on occasion receive this type of medication when indicated to relieve pain and inflammation,” he said.
The FDA strictly prohibits the use of bute in humans.
Read more at horsebackmagazine.com

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12/24/10

A Miracle for the Holiday

What an incredible story. These horses were on their way to Hell, but now they are safe thanks to Jill Starr, President, Lifesavers Wild Horse Rescue and the incomparable Madeleine Pickens. And so much for those cynics who have cast doubt and disbelief on Ms Pickens' sincerity. Hopefully, this will shut their mouths permanently.

Please, share this and help care for these horses if you can. If you want to make a donation go here: http://www.wildhorserescue.org/donatefallon.htm  or here: http://www.savingamericasmustangs.org/

May everyone have a Merry Christmas thinking about these horses that were saved from Hell and are now in Heaven thanks to some Christmas Angels.
Amplify’d from www.wildhorserescue.org
A MIRACLE FOR THE HOLIDAY

Just hours away from being loaded on to double decker cattle trucks and
heading north on the Highway to Hell that would take the 235 little wild mustangs from their Nevada home to the horrible fate of a Canadian Slaughter Plant, Mrs. Madeleine Pickens, a well known and highly respected wild horse advocate made an incredible offer that turned out to be the "stay of execution" these horses must have been praying for.

I was having a conversation late in the evening on Dec. 22 with Mrs. Pickens about the terrible fate that the Native American horses were facing.  So many of the rounded up mustangs had already been sold and shipped to slaughter.
As I was talking with her about the group of foals I am trying to save from the same herd that have not been sold yet, she asked me if we could save any of the horses that were bought by the killers before they get shipped off. Admittedly I was caught off guard by that question, but I was quite happy to make a phone call and see if any of the auction purchased mustangs were still in the killer's feedlot.  I quickly found out that there were still 235 horses on the ground being readied to ship out on Friday, Christmas Eve. 

When the killers said sure we'll sell them to you for the same amount of money that we would make off of them at the slaughter house I called Mrs. Pickens back and told her the high price they demanded. She reeled temporarily by the large figure, but quickly rebounded with "we have to do it, we can't let those horses go to slaughter".

We both hung up with our respective jobs to do...I had to make the arrangements to receive another 235 horses at our temporary holding facility in Fallon, and she had to raise the funds.

By early morning Thursday, Dec. 23, all the pieces were in place and the
horses now have a new lease on life. 
All 235 horses will be housed along with Lifesavers other Fallon rescues until
their long term sanctuary is ready for them.

I have to say that I am amazed by and have much admiration for Mrs. Madeleine Pickens.  Her compassion is boundless and her determination is a force of its own.

I am honored and grateful to have had the opportunity to partner with Saving
America's Mustangs & Madeleine Pickens in this blessed holiday miracle that saved 235 precious lives. 

I hope there will be more miracles to witness in the days to come.

May all your hearts be bursting with the warmth of this season of giving...

Many blessings,

Jill Starr, President,
Lifesavers Wild Horse Rescue
See more at www.wildhorserescue.org
 See this Amp at http://bit.ly/e9kTLd
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12/21/10

Public “Observation” at Callaghan Complex Wild Horse Roundup

The latest report from Laura Leigh on the Callaghan Complex roundup leaves me speechless. Keep in mind, Laura is the ONLY observer braving the frigid weather to bring us these invaluable reports on OUR wild horses.

To have her drive for four hours - assuring her that she would be told if there were any changes in the protocol - Laura arrived to find - a change in protocol that would make "observation" even more difficult that it had been previously. Which means virtually nonexistent.

I realize the BLM hates Laura because they think SHE is the reason they look so bad. It's not them, folks, it's Laura for reporting it. These cretins are adults - at least in age if not in judgement - and they are acting worse than even the brattiest ten year old.

I plan to send this to my Senators and Representatives. It probably won't do much good, but this childish, vindictive behavior is unacceptable. WE pay these idiots with OUR tax money, and I'm totally, completely FED UP!

I'm afraid to think what their next move might be. I'll bet poor Laura feels like Alice in Wonderland. I know I do.

Amplify’d from blog.grassrootshorse.com
Tuesday, December 21, 2010


Public “Observation” at Callaghan Complex Wild Horse Roundup

After braving a 4 hour drive through snow, rain and fog to observe and report back to us from the Callaghan Complex, lone observer Laura Leigh was met with an unexpected change in blm’s protocol regarding where the “public” would be allowed to view the roundup from. Although she was promised that she would be alerted to any changes in blm protocol prior to making the long journey she was not told that the  access to view would be changed from what she had experienced during the prior days.
While the prior access was not good, yesterdays access was almost non existent although a 60X zoom lens helped enough to capture these images for us. 
Why the unexpected change in viewing access ? There were no blm personnel available to speak with her on this concern, either by phone or in person at the location. 
The public counts on these reports from the roundups and we are concerned about this unwarranted and unnecessary change in the viewing arrangement. 
In my opinion, on a level of common decency and keeping an agreement in good faith, the blm personnel should have contacted Laura as they had promised, so that this long journey out the location in inclement weather would not have been taken for naught.
Why the unexpected and arbitrary change in the viewing access for a single, lone observer who is a member of the accredited press ?
On even the most basic level, common decency and keeping agreements………in my opinion the blm sets a pretty low standard, judging by past behavior.    

Posted by
GrassRootsHorse.com

at 12:40 PM
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12/18/10

Pictures and Report from Bald Mountain Wild Horse Roundup

I believe the words and pictures in this report speak for themselves. Stampeding the horses during a "freezing fog" event, no shelter for the horses in bitter cold, new equipment including a "cell killer" which probably had nothing whatsoever to do with the fact that every time Laura tried to go live, her cell service would immediately drop out even though it was just fine seconds before. Stinks to high Heaven doesn't it?

Please contact your Senators and Representatives in Washington and ask them if this is their idea of complying with a journalist's 1st Amendment rights. There is nothing so low that these creeps won't stoop to it.

And, get this, Laura was the ONLY observer there!
Amplify’d from blog.grassrootshorse.com
GrassRootsHorse.com
Friday, December 17, 2010


Pictures and Report from Bald Mountain Wild Horse Roundup

BM-01 BaldMountainCCCCCCCCC
Yesterday’s freezing cold and a fog of legends at Callaghan wild horse roundup was nothing compared to reports of the bitter cold temperatures in Nevada’s Bald Mountain today. 

The legend, >From Wikipedia:
The name pogonip is an English adaptation of the Shoshone word meaning "cloud" (payinappih). The English-speaking settlers who encountered this unpleasant and sometimes scary phenomenon when they went out West in the 1800s needed a word for it and they borrowed it from local populations.

This freezing cold fog has been known to kill animals by freezing their lungs.

Apparently, blm thinks its a great day to stampede America’s wild horses to their capture. 

Here are five photos, taken yesterday by journalist Laura Leigh. She is on the ground at Bald Mountain reporting back to us on the happenings there and the world is watching.
BaldMountainAAAAA BaldMountain6 
Basing my assumptions on the past actions of this government agency blm, no member of the public would have ever seen these horses. Laura’s pictures are the only testimony to their existence. Thankfully Laura’s courage and fortitude has her witnessing. 

All our attempts to stream live from this location, so far, have resulted in cell service “dropping” immediately as her equipment was set to go live even though it was clear and strong seconds earlier.  New equipment on the government’s blm vehicles, at least those seen in Twin Peaks, had the capability to kill cell service and broadband connections, much the same way as movie theaters do. I can’t help but wonder if Nevada has the same…….and more importantly, why would they need it ?


And since I am asking, why has blm supplied it’s employees with new cameras and new flip videos ? Why would a blm truck need what’s called a “cell killer”, cameras, tracking devices and other types of surveillance equipment ? Why do you suppose………..
BaldMountain8
Maybe they should have spent the over 62 million dollars in stimulus money they received last year to put the Wild Horse and Burro Program on a sustainable track and not on high tech “toys”.  The word shame does not even begin to describe this scenario.
I am waiting for Laura Leigh’s additional report from today’s roundup activities. I expect to hear from her shortly. 

Posted by
GrassRootsHorse.com


at
12:41 PM


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12/7/10

Wild Horses: The Adobe Town Wild Horses in Prison

These beautiful, gentle horses were torn from their legal, Congressionally designated range by the BLM over the protestations of many Wyoming citizens.

What's ahead for them now? For the lucky few, adoption by people who will support them in one of the sanctuaries where they can live as close to the wild as possible. Others will be adopted by people who - HOPEFULLY! - will train them into the wonderful personal horses that they can be. They won't be wild, but they will be loved.

For the unlucky, Long Term Holding by the BLM. They will spend the rest of their lives in BLM Prison - sterilized, separated by gender, all under the tender mercies of the BLM on land from which the public is forever barred. They will disappear into the void, never to be heard from or accounted for again.

For the really unlucky - such as the sale authority horses - who can be sold "without limitation" (that means sold to anyone) the future holds nothing but a long, terrifying trip to a Mexican slaughter plant unless advocates can raise enough money/adopters to support them, and there are 255 of these innocent creatures. Don't they deserve more than a Mexican slaughter house? There is a killer buyer in Texas already trying to get them.

If you know of a place where these horses can go and be safe, PLEASE, contact Carol Walker at the links below. There is a link in this post where you can see pictures of these majestic horses.

We CAN save our precious wild horses IF we work together!

Amplify’d from www.wildhoofbeats.com

Wild Horses: The Adobe Town Wild Horses in Prison


One of the stallion pens
On Friday, I went to the BLM’s wild horse and burro facility at the  East Cañon Correctional Complex near Cañon City, Colorado. I was there to visit and to photograph the 1000 wild horses from Adobe Town and the 170 horses from Salt Wells Creek that were rounded up in October and November. These horses are in jail, separated from their families, their homes, and yet they are innocent of any wrongdoing. They are simply guilty of living on our public lands.

Feeding time for the horses
Cañon City is the largest BLM short term holding facility in the country, and it is a unique situation – the BLM has the help of 55 trained prison inmates to feed, water, care for and train the horses at the facility.  It is a situation that helps both prisoners and horses, and on my tour of the facility I was impressed by the efficiency and quality of care provided for these wild horses.  If these horses have to be in jail, this is the best possible place for them to be. I saw horses in individual pens that had come in thin, and were given a much better chance to get enough food so they could fatten up.  I saw prisoners working with wild horses, getting them ready to be border patrol mounts.  They were being slowly introduced to and led over obstacles on horseback.

The mare pens - mares as far as you can see
And then I was able to see my beloved Adobe Town horses. Pen after pen with horses – mares in one area, stallions in another, and weanlings, yearlings, and mare/foal pairs.  It was when I was standing in front of the fourth pen full of weanlings, and realized that there were hundreds of them, that I was hit by a wave of despair.  How could all of these horses possibly find homes? It is always the youngsters and the trained horses that are best able to be placed in adopted homes, but who was going to take HUNDREDS of youngsters? How could they have removed all of these horses when the adoption market is at its very lowest? How could 55 prisoners possible train all those horses?  It cannot be done. Most of these horses will go to long term holding.

One of the weanling pens - blue tags mean "Wyoming"
The weanlings were the most approachable and the most curious.  I had a few following me as I walked along the fence of their pen.

a curious weanling comes close

One of the weanling pens
The stallions stayed far away, and were extremely flighty still, not yet reconciled to their captivity.  As the feed truck came through with copious amounts of hay, they ran and stampeded, running with fear in their eyes.

Stallions running from the feed truck

The large stallion pen - over 100 horses
Those stallions – I have always had a soft place in my heart for them – so magnificent, some with gorgeous long manes, proud faces, all colors, red roan, many greys, bays, sorrels, and one lone gorgeous cremello.

Grey stallion with long mane
I found the older gray stallion who had put up such a valiant fight at the roundup.  He was in a big pen with many other gray stallions, so it was only the distinctive hoof- shaped scars that had him stand out in the crowd.
Older grey stallion
I looked in vain for the red roan stallion who had waited for and called for his family – and hope that he was released.  I did see his pinto palomino mare in the mare pen.

Pinto palomino mare that was with the red roan stallion
The stallions have not yet been gelded – that will happen in February. The horses have not been sorted yet by age, so there are young and old faces together in the mare and stallion pens.

Grey mare and foal

Mare and foal in the pairs pen
When I approached the mare/foal pair pens the mares were protective and kept their babies far from us.  But when we drove through the mare pens, the mares did not seem disturbed, in fact a couple of young mares came right up to the truck, curiously looking at us.  We discovered a newborn foal in one of the mare pens – a bit of hope here for the future!

Newborn foal!

The weanlings - "pick me!"
I spent quite a bit of time with the weanlings, taking photos as I know they will be the most easily adoptable.

Mica
I also was glad (and sad) to see that pale palomino colt with dark legs was indeed the one I had followed in the wild, with his gorgeous sorrel father, who I believe was released.  I had decided that I would adopt him, and bring him home to my herd of two other mustangs.  It seems like such a drop in the bucket- there were 8 other horses adopted that day.  I wanted to take them all, put them in a sanctuary where they would be free to live out their lives with their families………….maybe someday I can do that.
Two weanlings
Until then, I am getting the word out about the next adoption in Cañon City – Friday, December 17th.  They are offering an unprecedented free delivery within 150 miles. Contact the BLM if you are interested in attending and adopting, and want to have a wild horse for the holidays like I do. Here is a link to my photos of many horses there:

Two stallions
There was no way in one day to do justice to all of them, but you can see how beautiful they are, and larger in size than horses in many other herds.  This herd has been blood tested and found to have a high percentage of Spanish blood in them. Steve Mantle, who has probably trained more of these wild horses for the BLM than just about anyone else says the Adobe Town horses are his favorite to work with.  Please spread the word.




About Carol Walker


Carol’s images illuminate the relationship between horses and their people, as well as showcasing the beauty of horses at liberty.

Read more at www.wildhoofbeats.com

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12/2/10

Your Tax Money at Work - BLM Chief to Speak at “Summit” of Horse Slaughter Proponents



December 1, 2010

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

Contacts:

John Holland
540-268-5693
john@equinewelfarealliance.org

Vicki Tobin
630.961.9292
vicki@equinewelfarealliance.org

BLM Chief to Speak at “Summit” of Horse Slaughter Proponents

Chicago (EWA) - Event organizer Sue Wallis, a vocal proponent of sending America’s wild horses to
slaughter, has announced that BLM Chief Bob Abbey is a confirmed speaker at her organization’s
upcoming Summit of the Horse.

The event’s Master of Ceremonies, Trent Loos, has proposed solving the mustang issue by making
America’s wild horse a big game animal and the published list of speakers is a virtual who’s who of
horse slaughter proponents, including lobbyists, slaughter auctioneers, horse breeders, fake welfare
front organizations and even a few convicts.

Abbey has come under criticism in the past year for a greatly accelerated program of removing wild
horses and burros from public land. As the number of horses the BLM is holding increases and
budgets tighten, a crisis is inevitable. In 2009 it was discovered that the BLM was considering
sending mustangs to slaughter, igniting a firestorm of controversy. Abbey’s participation in this
event will certainly add fuel to that fire.

Master of Ceremonies Loos is an agricultural talk show host who first gained fame for his
management of a 50,000 pig factory farm on the land of the Rosebud Sioux. The Rosebud contended
that the farm and its vast lagoons of pig manure had been foisted on them by politicians and
successfully sued to evict Loos and his porcine pals in 2002.

Shortly after starting an organization called “Truth Keepers” to challenge “animal rights groups”,
Loos was charged with and subsequently convicted of cattle fraud (selling cattle he didn’t own).
Robert F. Kennedy Jr., in his book Crimes Against Nature, accused Trent Loos of stalking him while
he was on a book tour, going so far as to follow him into a men’s room. When asked about the
stalking charge during his radio program, Loos readily admitted it, saying he had to keep Kennedy
honest.

When a slaughter ban was being considered in Illinois, Loos promised to bring a truck load of
“unwanted horses” to the capitol steps. In the event, he showed up with a large supply of toy stick
horses which he passed out to visiting school children. The bill passed despite this demonstration,
eventually closing the last slaughter plant in the US.

Also included in the confirmed roster is ex-congressman and horse slaughter lobbyist Charlie
Stenholm of the firm Olsson, Frank and Weeda. Before losing his seat and becoming a lobbyist,
Stenholm was minority leader of Bob Goodlatte’s house agriculture committee. The two men jointly
managed to bottle up HR 857, an early attempt to end horse slaughter, in their committee despite
the bill’s overwhelming support.

Another scheduled participant is Dave Cattoor, by far the most controversial of the helicopter gather
contractors employed by the BLM. Cattoor was convicted of illegally gathering wild horses in 1992.
In the years since, Cattoor has won contracts for millions of dollars to run the BLM gathers. In just
one gather on the Calico complex this year, over 100 wild horses died either during the operation or
shortly afterward.

Bill desBarres of the Horse Welfare Alliance of Canada (HWAC) will be giving the “international
perspective”. DesBarres is a stalwart defender of the Canadian abattoirs, even listing the Bouvry
horse slaughter plant as a “resource partner”. When devastating undercover videos of the treatment
of horses at the slaughter plants were released by the Canadian Horse Defense Coalition, desBarres
claimed they had been faked even as the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) was admitting
they were authentic.

And these are but a few examples of the people who will be speaking. While the event claims to be
open to ideas from all sides, it does not include anyone known to disagree with the pro-slaughter
anti-mustang positions of its organizers, United Organizations of the Horse and United Horsemen.

The Equine Welfare Alliance is a dues free, umbrella organization with over 125 member
organizations. The organization focuses its efforts on the welfare of all equines and the preservation
of wild equids. www.equinewelfarealliance.org

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11/27/10

Fact Checker: Mustangs - Return of the Native or Invasive Species?

rgj.com

Fact Checker: Mustangs - Return of the Native or Invasive Species?

FRANK MULLEN • FACTCHECKER@RGJ.COM • NOVEMBER 23, 2010



THE CLAIMS

1) Wild horses didn't become extinct in North America and remnants of the ancient herds were still present in this hemisphere when Columbus landed in the New World in 1492.
2) Mustangs on public lands are a feral, invasive species, introduced into an environment where they are not native and should not be allowed to roam.

THE BACKGROUND

The two claims are at opposite extremes of an ongoing debate that surrounds the federal government's wild horse roundups in the West.
It's generally accepted that horse species evolved on the North American continent. The fossil record for equine-like species goes back nearly 4 million years. Modern horses evolved in North America about 1.7 million years ago, according to researchers at Uppsala University, who studied equine DNA. Scientists say North American horses died out between 13,000 and 10,000 years ago, at the end of the Pleistocene Epoch, after the species had spread to Asia, Europe, and Africa.
Horses were reintroduced by the Spanish explorers in the 16th century. Animals that subsequently escaped or were let loose from human captivity are the ancestors of the wild herds that roam public lands today.
That's the theory, but revisionists point out that some sources, including the Book of Mormon and Native American cultural tradition, say horses have been continually present on the continent long after the last Ice Age. Some folks contend the original Appaloosa horses of the Nez Perce tribe, which were distinct from other horses, were a remnant of the original equines of the Americas.
Over the years, the horse extinction theory has changed.
Many scientists once thought horses died out on the continent before the arrival of the ancestors of the American Indians, but archeologists have found equine and human bones together at sites dating back to more than 10,000 years ago. The horse bones had butchering marks, indicating the animals were eaten by people, according to "Horses and Humans: The Evolution of Human-Equine Relationships," edited by Sandra L. Olsen.
So it appears that humans and horses coexisted in the New World prior to 1492, but did they continue to survive in North America over the last 100 centuries?
The claim that wild horses in America are as invasive as Asian clams in Lake Tahoe or rabbits in Australia also is made in the wild horse management debate. Some ranchers call mustangs "long-legged rats" and reader comments on RGJ stories about roundups always include opinions that the mustangs are feral interlopers and should be dealt with as vermin.
Federal law makes the argument academic.
In 1971, Congress declared wild horses and burros to be "living symbols of the historic and pioneer spirit of the West; (and) that they contribute to the diversity of life forms within the nation and enrich the lives of the American people."
Lawmakers unanimously decided the free-roaming equines be "protected from capture, branding, harassment, or death, and to accomplish this they are to be considered in the area where presently found as an integral part of the natural system of public land."
Federal officials are charged with managing the free-roaming herds to achieve an ecological balance, and disagreements about the wisdom and quality of that management is the source of current debates.

THE VERDICT

By definition, horses are North American natives because most of their evolutionary development took place on this continent. They are "native" rather than "livestock-gone-loose," because they originated here and co-evolved with the American habitat, according to Jay F. Kirkpatrick, director of the Science and Conservation Center in Billings, Mont.
DNA research by molecular biologist Ann Forsten of Uppsala University concludes the ancient horses and the modern domestic horses are the same species. That finding contradicts critics who maintain the original North American horses and the ones that were reintroduced aren't the same animals.
No one is certain why, at the end of the last Ice Age, equines vanished from the hemisphere. Theories of the cause of the extinction include drought, disease, or a result of hunting by humans.
The submergence of the Bering land bridge prevented any return migration from Asia. There's no proof any horses escaped extinction in the Americas. If horses survived in the New World up to the 15th century, then no one has ever been able to find the physical evidence to prove the theory.
But, as horse advocates maintain, modern horses evolved here and that's an adequate reason to consider them native American species, and not "invasive" or "introduced feral animals."
The horses were "reintroduced" to the continent, unlike the Asian clams in Tahoe or the rabbits of Australia, which were inserted into regions where Nature never put them and where they could disrupt the ecological balance.
Truth Meter: 1 Given what we know about the history and evolution of horses in North America, both claims are false.
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"From my earliest memories, I have loved horses with a longing beyond words." ~ Robert Vavra